Multilateralism and Minilateralism as Global Governance Mechanisms

Multilateralism and minilateralism are the main mechanisms of global governance. is characterized by membership inclusiveness, a low entry threshold for new members, focus on universality, while exclusivity, high no universality. Contemporary multilateral institutions emerged after World War II under influence American hegemony. The US commitment to multilateralism in governance has been inconsistent, setting stage current crisis aforementioned can be explained problems leadership, emergence polycentric power configuration world, as well specific actions both hegemon other great powers. issue was fueled increasingly evident ineffectiveness core dealing with pressing problems, deadlocks negotiations lack representation developing countries failure actors respond these challenges led proliferation minilateralist mechanism Two types distinguished – clubs most significant states (the first type) communities like-minded second type). advantage type ability solve minimal effort. Minilateralism positively its homogeneous structure cohesion ranks. advantages general include flexibility, adaptability, plasticity, quick decision-making, free, open effective resource saving. disadvantages legitimacy, limited technical financial capabilities, transparency accountability, vagueness goals focus. able somewhat increase effectiveness interaction within reducing number parties involved, but it unlikely overcome source governance, which mistrust between actors. disadvantage fragmentation international regimes. minilateral competitors motivate established reform demotivate participate will continue play large role mitigated combining multilateralist mechanism, using more rigorous approach selection participants, goal implementation agreements, introducing system indirect representation.